Which statement is true regarding the assessment of aerobic capacity?

The statement that maximal tests typically show higher values than sub-maximal tests is accurate because maximal tests are designed to push an individual to their limits, measuring the highest level of oxygen consumption (VO2 max) that a person can achieve during intense exercise. This measurement reflects the individual's true aerobic capacity, as it accounts for maximum effort, physiological responses, and overall fitness level.

In contrast, sub-maximal tests estimate aerobic capacity based on performance at lower intensities and do not require the participant to exert maximum effort. Therefore, the values derived from sub-maximal tests will generally be less than those obtained from maximal tests because they do not capture the full potential of the individual's cardiovascular and muscular systems.

Understanding the nature of these testing methodologies helps to highlight why maximal tests provide a more comprehensive assessment of aerobic capacity, while sub-maximal tests serve as a practical alternative that can be easier to administer and suitable for a wider range of fitness levels.